Publications by Violeta Bec, CPM (Australia)

Examining the Growth of Real GDP (Expenditure Plus Output) Per Capita (PPP) over 50 Years, as a response to the Nobel Prize Economics Laureates (Economic Sciences) for 2024.

Author: Violeta Bec, CPM

Masters in Marketing, University of Wollongong 

(UOW SID. 8791788).  Date: 26 March 2025 

ABSTRACT

This publication report examines aggregate data sourced, statistically analysed-tested from the Penn World Table for examining the growth in (Dependent Variable) Data parameter of: Real GDP (Output & Expenditure) (PPP) per Capita & over (Independent Variable) Data parameter Time towards the generation of Business Statistics & in the appropriated suitable form of:  Descriptive Statistics, Predictive Analytics (Trends & Projections, Estimates, Policy Questions), Prescriptive Analytics (Actioning, Marketing Activities), towards forming the key methods for solving the dilemma around the growth of Real GDP over time & with respect to validating research efforts & theories of the 2024 Laurates, about the correlation between the prosperity of a nation like: USA & Australia & for all Institutional (Elected & Inherited) types, due to the output.

This report also acknowledges the use of appropriate Descriptive, Linear Regression Statistical Methodologies for the analysis of the said dilemma, where further tests & validating methods like: Hypothesis, Residual & Regression Distribution Plots, F-Test, P-Value, Anova, Correlation Coefficient, Coefficient of Determination, Variance, Covariances, Standard Error, Confidence Levels, will all be examined & assessed across the extrapolated Data (regression & residual data) for interpreting, validating & solving the said problem.

The report showcases elements of risk prevalent in Statistical Data that can impact all decision-making & shows there does exist a real correlation between Prosperity of a nation & type of Institution (namely, the associated governing nations). 

In summary, the report discusses all the derived output results in terms of any limitations & testing techniques, towards making recommendations for continuous improvement to be integrated into the decision-making process (in the boardroom & around forming Policy) & in particular, across all supporting complex marketing operations, which further support the reliable (effective) strategic management results across the Board & for aggregated use across all Corporate, Business & Government (Ruling) Institutions.

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